# cython: infer_types=True, bounds_check=False, profile=True
from libc.string cimport memcpy, memset
from libc.stdlib cimport malloc, free
from cymem.cymem cimport Pool

from thinc.api import get_array_module
import numpy

from .doc cimport Doc, set_children_from_heads, token_by_start, token_by_end
from .span cimport Span
from .token cimport Token
from ..lexeme cimport Lexeme, EMPTY_LEXEME
from ..structs cimport LexemeC, TokenC
from ..attrs cimport MORPH, NORM
from ..vocab cimport Vocab

from .underscore import is_writable_attr
from ..attrs import intify_attrs
from ..util import SimpleFrozenDict
from ..errors import Errors
from ..strings import get_string_id


cdef class Retokenizer:
    """Helper class for doc.retokenize() context manager.

    DOCS: https://spacy.io/api/doc#retokenize
    USAGE: https://spacy.io/usage/linguistic-features#retokenization
    """
    cdef Doc doc
    cdef list merges
    cdef list splits
    cdef set tokens_to_merge
    cdef list _spans_to_merge

    def __init__(self, doc):
        self.doc = doc
        self.merges = []
        self.splits = []
        self.tokens_to_merge = set()
        self._spans_to_merge = []  # keep a record to filter out duplicates

    def merge(self, Span span, attrs=SimpleFrozenDict()):
        """Mark a span for merging. The attrs will be applied to the resulting
        token.

        span (Span): The span to merge.
        attrs (dict): Attributes to set on the merged token.

        DOCS: https://spacy.io/api/doc#retokenizer.merge
        """
        if (span.start, span.end) in self._spans_to_merge:
            return
        if span.end - span.start <= 0:
            raise ValueError(Errors.E199.format(start=span.start, end=span.end))
        for token in span:
            if token.i in self.tokens_to_merge:
                raise ValueError(Errors.E102.format(token=repr(token)))
            self.tokens_to_merge.add(token.i)
        self._spans_to_merge.append((span.start, span.end))
        attrs = normalize_token_attrs(self.doc.vocab, attrs)
        self.merges.append((span, attrs))

    def split(self, Token token, orths, heads, attrs=SimpleFrozenDict()):
        """Mark a Token for splitting, into the specified orths. The attrs
        will be applied to each subtoken.

        token (Token): The token to split.
        orths (list): The verbatim text of the split tokens. Needs to match the
            text of the original token.
        heads (list): List of token or `(token, subtoken)` tuples specifying the
            tokens to attach the newly split subtokens to.
        attrs (dict): Attributes to set on all split tokens. Attribute names
            mapped to list of per-token attribute values.

        DOCS: https://spacy.io/api/doc#retokenizer.split
        """
        if ''.join(orths) != token.text:
            raise ValueError(Errors.E117.format(new=''.join(orths), old=token.text))
        if "_" in attrs:  # Extension attributes
            extensions = attrs["_"]
            for extension in extensions:
                _validate_extensions(extension)
            attrs = {key: value for key, value in attrs.items() if key != "_"}
            # NB: Since we support {"KEY": [value, value]} syntax here, this
            # will only "intify" the keys, not the values
            attrs = intify_attrs(attrs, strings_map=self.doc.vocab.strings)
            attrs["_"] = extensions
        else:
            # NB: Since we support {"KEY": [value, value]} syntax here, this
            # will only "intify" the keys, not the values
            attrs = intify_attrs(attrs, strings_map=self.doc.vocab.strings)
        if MORPH in attrs:
            for i, morph in enumerate(attrs[MORPH]):
                # add and set to normalized value
                morph = self.doc.vocab.morphology.add(self.doc.vocab.strings.as_string(morph))
                attrs[MORPH][i] = morph
        head_offsets = []
        for head in heads:
            if isinstance(head, Token):
                head_offsets.append((head.idx, 0))
            else:
                head_offsets.append((head[0].idx, head[1]))
        self.splits.append((token.idx, orths, head_offsets, attrs))

    def __enter__(self):
        self.merges = []
        self.splits = []
        return self

    def __exit__(self, *args):
        # Do the actual merging here
        if len(self.merges) >= 1:
            _merge(self.doc, self.merges)
        # Iterate in order, to keep things simple.
        for start_char, orths, heads, attrs in sorted(self.splits):
            # Resolve token index
            token_index = token_by_start(self.doc.c, self.doc.length, start_char)
            # Check we're still able to find tokens starting at the character offsets
            # referred to in the splits. If we merged these tokens previously, we
            # have to raise an error
            if token_index == -1:
                raise IndexError(Errors.E122)
            head_indices = []
            for head_char, subtoken in heads:
                head_index = token_by_start(self.doc.c, self.doc.length, head_char)
                if head_index == -1:
                    raise IndexError(Errors.E123)
                # We want to refer to the token index of the head *after* the
                # mergery. We need to account for the extra tokens introduced.
                # e.g., let's say we have [ab, c] and we want a and b to depend
                # on c. The correct index for c will be 2, not 1.
                if head_index > token_index:
                    head_index += len(orths)-1
                head_indices.append(head_index+subtoken)
            _split(self.doc, token_index, orths, head_indices, attrs)


def _merge(Doc doc, merges):
    """Retokenize the document, such that the spans described in 'merges'
     are merged into a single token. This method assumes that the merges
     are in the same order at which they appear in the doc, and that merges
     do not intersect each other in any way.

    merges: Tokens to merge, and corresponding attributes to assign to the
        merged token. By default, attributes are inherited from the
        syntactic root of the span.
    RETURNS (Token): The first newly merged token.
    """
    cdef int i, merge_index, start, end, token_index, current_span_index, current_offset, offset, span_index
    cdef Span span
    cdef const LexemeC* lex
    cdef TokenC* token
    cdef Pool mem = Pool()
    cdef int merged_iob = 0

    # merges should not be empty, but make sure to avoid zero-length mem alloc
    assert len(merges) > 0
    tokens = <TokenC**>mem.alloc(len(merges), sizeof(TokenC))
    spans = []

    def _get_start(merge):
        return merge[0].start

    merges.sort(key=_get_start)
    for merge_index, (span, attributes) in enumerate(merges):
        start = span.start
        end = span.end
        spans.append(span)
        # House the new merged token where it starts
        token = &doc.c[start]
        start_ent_iob = doc.c[start].ent_iob
        start_ent_type = doc.c[start].ent_type
        # Initially set attributes to attributes of span root
        token.tag = doc.c[span.root.i].tag
        token.pos = doc.c[span.root.i].pos
        token.morph = doc.c[span.root.i].morph
        token.ent_iob = doc.c[span.root.i].ent_iob
        token.ent_type = doc.c[span.root.i].ent_type
        merged_iob = token.ent_iob
        # If span root is part of an entity, merged token is B-ENT
        if token.ent_iob in (1, 3):
            merged_iob = 3
            # If start token is I-ENT and previous token is of the same
            # type, then I-ENT (could check I-ENT from start to span root)
            if start_ent_iob == 1 and start > 0 \
                    and start_ent_type == token.ent_type \
                    and doc.c[start - 1].ent_type == token.ent_type:
                merged_iob = 1
        token.ent_iob = merged_iob
        # Set lemma to concatenated lemmas
        merged_lemma = ""
        for span_token in span:
            merged_lemma += span_token.lemma_
            if doc.c[span_token.i].spacy:
                merged_lemma += " "
        merged_lemma = merged_lemma.strip()
        token.lemma = doc.vocab.strings.add(merged_lemma)
        # Unset attributes that don't match new token
        token.norm = 0
        tokens[merge_index] = token
    # Resize the doc.tensor, if it's set. Let the last row for each token stand
    # for the merged region. To do this, we create a boolean array indicating
    # whether the row is to be deleted, then use numpy.delete
    if doc.tensor is not None and doc.tensor.size != 0:
        doc.tensor = _resize_tensor(doc.tensor,
            [(m[0].start, m[0].end) for m in merges])
    # Memorize span roots and sets dependencies of the newly merged
    # tokens to the dependencies of their roots.
    span_roots = []
    for i, span in enumerate(spans):
        span_roots.append(span.root.i)
        tokens[i].dep = span.root.dep
    # We update token.lex after keeping span root and dep, since
    # setting token.lex will change span.start and span.end properties
    # as it modifies the character offsets in the doc
    for token_index, (span, attributes) in enumerate(merges):
        new_orth = ''.join([t.text_with_ws for t in spans[token_index]])
        if spans[token_index][-1].whitespace_:
            new_orth = new_orth[:-len(spans[token_index][-1].whitespace_)]
        # add the vector of the (merged) entity to the vocab
        if not doc.vocab.get_vector(new_orth).any():
            if doc.vocab.vectors_length > 0:
                doc.vocab.set_vector(new_orth, span.vector)
        token = tokens[token_index]
        lex = doc.vocab.get(doc.mem, new_orth)
        token.lex = lex
        # We set trailing space here too
        token.spacy = doc.c[spans[token_index].end-1].spacy
        set_token_attrs(span[0], attributes)
    # Begin by setting all the head indices to absolute token positions
    # This is easier to work with for now than the offsets
    # Before thinking of something simpler, beware the case where a
    # dependency bridges over the entity. Here the alignment of the
    # tokens changes.
    for i in range(doc.length):
        doc.c[i].head += i
    # Set the head of the merged token from the Span
    for i in range(len(merges)):
        tokens[i].head = doc.c[span_roots[i]].head
    # Adjust deps before shrinking tokens
    # Tokens which point into the merged token should now point to it
    # Subtract the offset from all tokens which point to >= end
    offsets = []
    current_span_index = 0
    current_offset = 0
    for i in range(doc.length):
        if current_span_index < len(spans) and i == spans[current_span_index].end:
            # Last token was the last of the span
            current_offset += (spans[current_span_index].end - spans[current_span_index].start) -1
            current_span_index += 1
        if current_span_index < len(spans) and \
                spans[current_span_index].start <= i < spans[current_span_index].end:
            offsets.append(spans[current_span_index].start - current_offset)
        else:
            offsets.append(i - current_offset)
    for i in range(doc.length):
        doc.c[i].head = offsets[doc.c[i].head]
    # Now compress the token array
    offset = 0
    in_span = False
    span_index = 0
    for i in range(doc.length):
        if in_span and i == spans[span_index].end:
            # First token after a span
            in_span = False
            span_index += 1
        if span_index < len(spans) and i == spans[span_index].start:
            # First token in a span
            doc.c[i - offset] = doc.c[i] # move token to its place
            offset += (spans[span_index].end - spans[span_index].start) - 1
            in_span = True
        if not in_span:
            doc.c[i - offset] = doc.c[i] # move token to its place

    for i in range(doc.length - offset, doc.length):
        memset(&doc.c[i], 0, sizeof(TokenC))
        doc.c[i].lex = &EMPTY_LEXEME
    doc.length -= offset
    # ...And, set heads back to a relative position
    for i in range(doc.length):
        doc.c[i].head -= i
    # Set the left/right children, left/right edges
    if doc.has_annotation("DEP"):
        set_children_from_heads(doc.c, 0, doc.length)
    # Make sure ent_iob remains consistent
    make_iob_consistent(doc.c, doc.length)
    # Return the merged Python object
    return doc[spans[0].start]


def _resize_tensor(tensor, ranges):
    delete = []
    for start, end in ranges:
        for i in range(start, end-1):
            delete.append(i)
    xp = get_array_module(tensor)
    if xp is numpy:
        return xp.delete(tensor, delete, axis=0)
    else:
        offset = 0
        copy_start = 0
        resized_shape = (tensor.shape[0] - len(delete), tensor.shape[1])
        for start, end in ranges:
            if copy_start > 0:
                tensor[copy_start - offset:start - offset] = tensor[copy_start: start]
            offset += end - start - 1
            copy_start = end - 1
        tensor[copy_start - offset:resized_shape[0]] = tensor[copy_start:]
        return xp.asarray(tensor[:resized_shape[0]])


def _split(Doc doc, int token_index, orths, heads, attrs):
    """Retokenize the document, such that the token at
    `doc[token_index]` is split into tokens with the orth 'orths'
    token_index(int): token index of the token to split.

    orths: IDs of the verbatim text content of the tokens to create
    **attributes: Attributes to assign to each of the newly created tokens. By default,
        attributes are inherited from the original token.
    RETURNS (Token): The first newly created token.
    """
    cdef int nb_subtokens = len(orths)
    cdef const LexemeC* lex
    cdef TokenC* token
    cdef TokenC orig_token = doc.c[token_index]
    cdef int orig_length = len(doc)

    if(len(heads) != nb_subtokens):
        raise ValueError(Errors.E115)
    # First, make the dependencies absolutes
    for i in range(doc.length):
        doc.c[i].head += i
    # Adjust dependencies, so they refer to post-split indexing
    offset = nb_subtokens - 1
    for i in range(doc.length):
        if doc.c[i].head > token_index:
            doc.c[i].head += offset
    # Double doc.c max_length if necessary (until big enough for all new tokens)
    while doc.length + nb_subtokens - 1 >= doc.max_length:
        doc._realloc(doc.max_length * 2)
    # Move tokens after the split to create space for the new tokens
    doc.length = len(doc) + nb_subtokens -1
    to_process_tensor = (doc.tensor is not None and doc.tensor.size != 0)
    if to_process_tensor:
        xp = get_array_module(doc.tensor)
        if xp is numpy:
            doc.tensor = xp.append(doc.tensor, xp.zeros((nb_subtokens,doc.tensor.shape[1]), dtype="float32"), axis=0)
        else:
            shape = (doc.tensor.shape[0] + nb_subtokens, doc.tensor.shape[1])
            resized_array = xp.zeros(shape, dtype="float32")
            resized_array[:doc.tensor.shape[0]] = doc.tensor[:doc.tensor.shape[0]]
            doc.tensor = resized_array
    for token_to_move in range(orig_length - 1, token_index, -1):
        doc.c[token_to_move + nb_subtokens - 1] = doc.c[token_to_move]
        if to_process_tensor:
            doc.tensor[token_to_move + nb_subtokens - 1] = doc.tensor[token_to_move]
    # Host the tokens in the newly created space
    cdef int idx_offset = 0
    for i, orth in enumerate(orths):
        token = &doc.c[token_index + i]
        lex = doc.vocab.get(doc.mem, orth)
        token.lex = lex
        # If lemma is currently set, set default lemma to orth
        if token.lemma != 0:
            token.lemma = lex.orth
        token.norm = 0  # reset norm
        if to_process_tensor:
            # setting the tensors of the split tokens to array of zeros
            doc.tensor[token_index + i:token_index + i + 1] = xp.zeros((1,doc.tensor.shape[1]), dtype="float32")
        # Update the character offset of the subtokens
        if i != 0:
            token.idx = orig_token.idx + idx_offset
        idx_offset += len(orth)
        # Set token.spacy to False for all non-last split tokens, and
        # to origToken.spacy for the last token
        if (i < nb_subtokens - 1):
            token.spacy = False
        else:
            token.spacy = orig_token.spacy
        # Make IOB consistent
        if (orig_token.ent_iob == 3):
            if i == 0:
                token.ent_iob = 3
            else:
                token.ent_iob = 1
        else:
            # In all other cases subtokens inherit iob from origToken
            token.ent_iob = orig_token.ent_iob
    # Apply attrs to each subtoken
    for attr_name, attr_values in attrs.items():
        for i, attr_value in enumerate(attr_values):
            token = &doc.c[token_index + i]
            if attr_name == "_":
                for ext_attr_key, ext_attr_value in attr_value.items():
                    doc[token_index + i]._.set(ext_attr_key, ext_attr_value)
            # NB: We need to call get_string_id here because only the keys are
            # "intified" (since we support "KEY": [value, value] syntax here).
            else:
                # Set attributes on both token and lexeme to take care of token
                # attribute vs. lexical attribute without having to enumerate
                # them. If an attribute name is not valid, set_struct_attr will
                # ignore it. Exception: set NORM only on tokens.
                Token.set_struct_attr(token, attr_name, get_string_id(attr_value))
                if attr_name != NORM:
                    Lexeme.set_struct_attr(<LexemeC*>token.lex, attr_name, get_string_id(attr_value))
    # Assign correct dependencies to the inner token
    for i, head in enumerate(heads):
        doc.c[token_index + i].head = head
    # Transform the dependencies into relative ones again
    for i in range(doc.length):
        doc.c[i].head -= i
    # set children from head
    if doc.has_annotation("DEP"):
        set_children_from_heads(doc.c, 0, doc.length)


def _validate_extensions(extensions):
    if not isinstance(extensions, dict):
        raise ValueError(Errors.E120.format(value=repr(extensions)))
    for key, value in extensions.items():
        # Get the extension and make sure it's available and writable
        extension = Token.get_extension(key)
        if not extension:  # Extension attribute doesn't exist
            raise ValueError(Errors.E118.format(attr=key))
        if not is_writable_attr(extension):
            raise ValueError(Errors.E119.format(attr=key))


cdef make_iob_consistent(TokenC* tokens, int length):
    cdef int i
    if tokens[0].ent_iob == 1:
        tokens[0].ent_iob = 3
    for i in range(1, length):
        if tokens[i].ent_iob == 1 and tokens[i - 1].ent_type != tokens[i].ent_type:
            tokens[i].ent_iob = 3


def normalize_token_attrs(Vocab vocab, attrs):
    if "_" in attrs:  # Extension attributes
        extensions = attrs["_"]
        _validate_extensions(extensions)
        attrs = {key: value for key, value in attrs.items() if key != "_"}
        attrs = intify_attrs(attrs, strings_map=vocab.strings)
        attrs["_"] = extensions
    else:
        attrs = intify_attrs(attrs, strings_map=vocab.strings)
    if MORPH in attrs:
        # add and set to normalized value
        morph = vocab.morphology.add(vocab.strings.as_string(attrs[MORPH]))
        attrs[MORPH] = morph
    return attrs


def set_token_attrs(Token py_token, attrs):
    cdef TokenC* token = py_token.c
    cdef const LexemeC* lex = token.lex
    cdef Doc doc = py_token.doc
    # Assign attributes
    for attr_name, attr_value in attrs.items():
        if attr_name == "_":  # Set extension attributes
            for ext_attr_key, ext_attr_value in attr_value.items():
                py_token._.set(ext_attr_key, ext_attr_value)
        else:
            # Set attributes on both token and lexeme to take care of token
            # attribute vs. lexical attribute without having to enumerate
            # them. If an attribute name is not valid, set_struct_attr will
            # ignore it. Exception: set NORM only on tokens.
            Token.set_struct_attr(token, attr_name, attr_value)
            if attr_name != NORM:
                Lexeme.set_struct_attr(<LexemeC*>lex, attr_name, attr_value)
