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The World Factbook 2002
| Wake Island |

Introduction | Wake Island

Background: | The US annexed Wake Island in 1899 for a cable station. An important air and naval base was constructed in 1940-41. In December 1941 the island was captured by the Japanese and held until the end of World War II. In subsequent years, Wake was developed as a stopover and refueling site for military and commercial aircraft transiting the Pacific. Since 1974, the island's airstrip has been used by the US military and some commercial cargo planes, as well as for emergency landings. There are over 700 landings a year on the island.

Geography | Wake Island

Location: | Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to the Northern Mariana Islands
Geographic coordinates: | 19 17 N, 166 36 E
Map references: | Oceania
Area: | total: 6.5 sq km water: 0 sq km land: 6.5 sq km
Area - comparative: | about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Land boundaries: | 0 km
Coastline: | 19.3 km
Maritime claims: | exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Climate: | tropical
Terrain: | atoll of three coral islands built up on an underwater volcano; central lagoon is former crater, islands are part of the rim
Elevation extremes: | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 6 m
Natural resources: | none
Land use: | arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)
Irrigated land: | 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards: | occasional typhoons
Environment - current issues: | NA
Geography - note: | strategic location in the North Pacific Ocean; emergency landing location for transpacific flights

People | Wake Island

Population: | no indigenous inhabitants note: US military personnel have left the island, but civilian personnel remain; as of December 2000, one US Army civilian and 123 contractor personnel were present (July 2002 est.)
Population growth rate: | NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: | NA

Government | Wake Island

Country name: | conventional long form: none conventional short form: Wake Island
Dependency status: | unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Department of the Interior; activities on the island are managed by the US Army under a US Air Force permit
Legal system: | the laws of the US, where applicable, apply
Flag description: | the flag of the US is used

Economy | Wake Island

Economy - overview: | Economic activity is limited to providing services to contractors located on the island. All food and manufactured goods must be imported.
Electricity - production: | NA kWh

Communications | Wake Island

Telephone system: | general assessment: satellite communications; 1 DSN circuit off the Overseas Telephone System (OTS) domestic: NA international: NA
Radio broadcast stations: | AM 0, FM NA, shortwave NA note: Armed Forces Radio/Television Service (AFRTS) radio service provided by satellite (1998)
Television broadcast stations: | 0 (1997)

Transportation | Wake Island

Waterways: | none
Ports and harbors: | none; two offshore anchorages for large ships
Airports: | 1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways: | total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2001)
Transportation - note: | formerly an important commercial aviation base, now used by US military, some commercial cargo planes, and for emergency landings

Military | Wake Island

Military - note: | defense is the responsibility of the US

Transnational Issues | Wake Island

Disputes - international: | claimed by Marshall Islands

This page was last updated on 1 January 2002